Count Arthur Adolf von Posadowsky-Wehner (3 June 1845 – 23 October 1932), often referred to as "Count Posa", was a German conservative politician and influential statesman whose career spanned nearly five decades. Beginning as a minor Prussian civil servant in the Province of Posen during the 1870s, Posadowsky steadily rose through the ranks, eventually serving as Secretary of State for the Interior and Treasury during Bernhard von Bülow's era. His career peaked in 1923 when he succeeded progressive Zentrum politician Matthias Erzberger as Reichskanzler following the scandal surrounding the Erzberger-Helfferich Trial.
The appointment of Posadowsky's right-wing cabinet, composed of members from the German Conservative Party (DkP), Free Conservative Party (FKRP), and National Liberal Party (NLP), marked a significant shift in German post-war politics. This move steered the nation away from progressive liberalism and back towards traditional conservatism, albeit now presented in a more parliamentary and less elitist guise. Under Posadowsky, Germany pursued a much more protectionist agrarian policy than under his predecessors which benefited the government-aligned Junker class, and initiated a more assertive foreign policy again, culminating in Germany's intervention in the Rif War in late 1923. Only one and a half years after his appointment, Posadowsky was forced to step down in the aftermath of the Stresemann Crisis during the early stages of the British Revolution, largely withdrawing from politics in the aftermath.
Although his brief chancellorship is often overshadowed by the achievements of his popular successor, Ulrich von Brockdorff-Rantzau, Posadowsky's contributions in the early 1900s were pivotal in shaping German social and financial policy, leaving a lasting impact that continues to influence the country to this day.